BIOLOGY MCQ (CHAPTER BIOMOLECULES)

                                      

1. Which of the following are linked together to from proteins?

A) purines                 

B) pyrimidines                       

C) Amion        

D) peptones .

 

2.  Which of the following will be characteristically different organisms?

A)  Proteins               

B) nucleic acids                    

C) Fats                        

D) carbohydrates.

 

3.  Precisely speaking protoplasm is a :

A) Colloidal solution                       

B) Neutral solution  

C) crystalloid solution          

D) None of these.

 

4.  A positive ion has:

A) more protons than electrons                            

B)more electrons then protons

C) equal number of neutrons and electrons        

D)  equal number protons and electrons.

 

5.  Atoms of the same element that contain different numbers of neutrons are known as:

A) nuclei                    

B) cistrons                 

C) isotopes     

D) ions.

 

6. In the dissociation of NaCl  in water:

A) water exerts forces that induce dissociation 

B) water is a passive solvent, accepting particles that dissociate because of their own internal forces  

C) water molecules lose hydrogen ions

D) twice as many H⁺ ions are formed as Na⁺ ions

 

7.  The high boiling point of water is advantageous to living organisms because:

A) the environment seldom reaches the boiling point of water

B) organisms can easily boil off enough water to keep themselves cool

C) it allows organisms to spread heat evenly throughout their bodies

D) organisms can absorb a great deal of heat before they reach the boiling point.

 

8. Which of the following is an amino acid ?

A) Citruline           

B) Methylene blue        

C) Bromelin       

D) Insulin

  

9.  Which of the following is not made up of hexose sugar subunits ?

A) Sucrose           

B) starch         

C) glycogen        

D) Insulin

 

10. The organic compounds present in traces in living cells can be detected and isolated by:

A) Centrifugation      

B) tracer technique   

C) chromatography  

D) microscopy.

 

11. Chemically DNA differs from RNA by:

A) Thymine present in DNA and cytosine present in RNA

B) Ribose and thymine present in DNA and deoxyribose and uracil in RNA

C) Ribose and uracil in DNA, Deoxyribose and Thymine in RNA

D) Deoxyribose in DNA and ribose RNA.

 

12. DNA is localized in:

A) Golgi apparatus    

B) Nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria

C) Lysosomes                        

D) Microsomes

 

13. Transfer RNA has the special function of

A) Protein synthesis

B) An adapter for attaching amino acid _mRNA template during protein synthe4sis

C) Messenger RNA codes to _rRNA   

D) Replication

 

14. DNA can be specifically tested by:

A) Lodine       

B) feulgen reaction   

C) rolish test  

D) Lowry test.

 

15. The functional genetic unit of DNA is:

A) Gene          

B) chromosome        

C) cistron       

D) nucleotide.

 

16. Which kind of bonds requires the most energy to break (when in an aqueous solution)

A) Covalent    

B) Ionic                       

C) hydrogen               

D) vender Waal.

 

17. The base sequence for a nucleic acid segment is given as GAG, AGG, GGA, CCA. From this

it can be concluded that it is a segment of a:

A) DNA strand           

B) _mRNA strand         

C) _t-RNA          

D) data not sufficient.

 

18. A DNA stand is directly involved in the synthesis of all the following except:

 A) anther DNA strand         

B) protein molecule  

C)  _t-RNA molecule     

D) _m-RNA molecule

 

19. A molecule of ATP is structurally most similar to a molecule of:

A) DNA nucleotide    

B) Amino acid                        

C) RNA nucleotide     

D) Fat.

 

20. Total number of amino acids involved in protein synthesis in plants is:

A) 10               

B) 20               

C) 30               

D) Indefinite.

 

21. The site of protein synthesis is:

A) Chromosome        

B) DNA           

C) polysomes             

D) None of the above.

 

22. Cellular pool consists of:

A) Liquids of the cell                         

B) cell sap     

C) chemicals present in the cell       

D) Specialized cellular aggregates.

 

23. Reducing sugars possesses:

A) Aldehyde group   

B) Ketonic group      

C) Carboxylic group 

D) Either (A) Or (B).

 

24. Lactose is present in:

A) Sugarcane 

B) fruits          

C) milk            

D) Both (A) And (C).

 

25. A lipid having tetracyclic structure is:

A) Hard fat     

B) Wax           

B) phospholipid        

D) sterol

 

26. The protein synthesis is also called:

A) Transformation    

B) translation            

C) transduction         

D) translocation

 

27. The RNA, transporting amino acid to the protein synthesizing site is called:

A) messenger RNA    

B) transfer RNA        

C) nuclear RNA          

D) viral RNA.

 

28. Select the specific base pairs of DNA:

A) Adenine and cytosine      

B) Adenine and thymine

C) Guanine and adenine       

D) Guanine and uracil

 

29. Polypeptide chain of amino acid is:

A) Lipid          

B) a protein   

C) cellulose    

D) Glycogen

 

30.  Phospholipids on coming in contact With Water arrange themselves in:

A) Monolayer            

B) bilayer       

C) precipitate 

D) crystals.

 

31. Artificial synthesis of DNA was first done by:

A) Nirenberg 

B) Korenberg           

C) Khorana    

D) Watson and Crick 

 

32. Instead of chromosome which of the following has only DNA?

A) Anabaena  

B) Chlamydomonas  

C) Volvox       

C) Plasmodiophora

 

33. The bits of DNA formed during replication join with each other by an enzyme:

A) polymerase           

B) ligase         

C) lipase         

D) kinase

 

34. In which one of the following stages of cell division, the DNA content is doubled:

A) G₁ phase    

B) G₂­ phase    

C) S-phase      

D) M-phase

 

35. The part of DNA molecules that varies among DNA molecules is its

A) Glycerol attachment         

B) nitrogenous bases           

C) sugars        

D) phosphates

 

36. Nucleic acids are polymers of:

A) Globulins   

B) nucleotides           

C) nucleosides           

D) None of the above

 

37. The scientists who discovered the structure of DNA molecule are

A) Urey and Miller                

B) Holley, Nirenberg and Khorana

C) Watson and Crick             

D) Edelman and Porter 

 

38. The two strands of DNA are:

A) Similar and complementary        

B) antiparallel and complementary           

C) parallel and complementary       

D) basically different in nature

 

39. Which of the following nucleotide sequences contains 4pyrimidine bases ?

 A) GATCAATCG        

B) TGCCTAACG         

C) GCUA GACAA       

D) UAGCGGUAA.

 

40. The hydrogen bonds between adenine and guanine are:

A) 2                 

B) 3                 

C) 4                 

D) None.

 

41.The distance between two adjacent base pair of DNA molecules is:

A) 1.43 Å        

B) 6.8 Å          

C) 3.4 Å           

D) 4.43 Å

 

42. Which of the following base is found only in the RNA and not in DNA ?

A) uracil         

B) adenine     

C) guanine      

D) thymine

 

43. RNA takes part in synthesis of

A) hormones 

B) chromosomes       

C) amino acids           

D) enzymes

 

44. The four elements that make up 99% of all elements found in the living system are:

A) C,H,O,S       

B) H,O,C,N       

C) C,N,O,S        

D) C,N,O,P

 

45. Macromolecule most diverse in cell and controlling physiological and chemical

properties is:

A) nucleic acids         

B) protein      

C) polysaccharides    

D) glycogen

 

46. Which one of the following is a strong protein?

A) keratin       

B) glutelin      

C) myoglobin             

D) collagen

 

47. Coliphage  × 174 has

A) double stranded DNA      

B) single stranded DNA       

C) single stranded RNA        

D) double stranded RNA 

 

48. Which one of the following is a commercial polysaccharide ?

A) Keratin sulphate   

B) Hyaluronic acid    

C) Agar           

D) Chondriotin sulphate.

 

49. The primary structure of protein is due to:

A) S-S Linkages          

B) peptide bonds      

C) ionic bonds           

D) hydrogen bonds.

 

50. An antifertility steroid is: 

A) Cortisol      

B) progesterone        

C) diosgenin   

D) estrogen

 

51. Protein is most abundantly found in:

A) Potato        

B) carrot        

C) pea                         

D) phloem

 

52. Which of the following lipids is most abundant in cell membrane?

A) Steroid       

B) cholesterol            

C) Phospholipids       

D) Cutin

 

53. Membrane carbohydrates when linked to lipids are called:

A) Sphingolipids        

B) glycolipids            

C) Phospholipids       

D) sterol

 

54. Which of the following is called adapter molecule:

A) _t-RNA          

B) _m-RNA         

C) r - RNA       

D) c - DNA.

 

55. Which of the following proteins of biomebranes have higher percentage of non –polar

amino acids:

A) Intrinsic proteins 

B) Extrinsic proteins 

C) Glycoproteins       

D) Simple protein

 

56. Osmotic pressure of pure water is:

A) Zero           

B) one             

C) two             

D) ten

 

57. DNA is unique among molecules, in that it can:

A) From multipolymer complexes             

B) come apart and reform  

C) Withstand very high temperature          

D) replicate itself

 

58. The unique property of each amino is determined by its particular:

A) R-group                                         

B) amino group        

C) Kinds of peptide bonds               

D) number of bonds to other amino acids.

 

59. The first amino acid in any polypeptide chain in prokaryotes is always :

A) Formylated arginine        

B) lysine         

C) Formylated methionine   

D) methionine

 

60. Which of the following statement about glycogen is correct?

A) It is disaccharide stored in liver which can react with ammonia to form protein   

B) It is synthesized in liver and takes part in the formation of bile and lipase besides being a

source of energy      

C) It is a polysaccharide which is synthesized and stored in liver

D) It is synthesized in blood and stored in liver and muscles to provide glucose in times of

need.

 

61. The chemical most used by plants is:

A) CO₂             

B) Oxygen      

C) Nitrogen    

D) Cytochrome

 

62. Which of the following is correct?

A) There are only 20 different enzymes                           

B) there are many proteins

C) There are only 4 different kinds of DNA molecules   

D) There are only 80 different chromosomes.

 

63. Which one of the following is a polysaccharide?

A) Glucose                  

B) Glycogen               

C) maltose                  

D) Lactose

 

64. Cholesterol is

A) Diglyceride            

B) saturated fat         

C) unsaturated fat     

D) steroid

 

65. The common instant source of energy of cellular activities is:

A) RNA                       B) ATP                                    C) NAD                       D) Mitochondria.

 

66. the most important sugar in animals is: 

A) Deoxyribose         B) Fructose                C) sucrose                  D) Glucose

 

67. Which of the following is incorrect?

A) Water molecule is non -polar    

B) Phosphorus and potassium are macronutrients

C) Ma⁺⁺and Zn⁺⁺ are micronutrients          

D) Na⁺ and K⁺ maintain membrane potential, osmotic balance and fluid volume.

 

68. A polysaccharide Which may have branched or unbranched molecule is :

A) Glycogen   

B) Cellulose    

C) starch         

D) None of above.

 

69. Reserve food material in plant cell is:

A) starch        

B) Glycogen   

C) Cellulose    

D) pectin

 

70. Fats and oils are mixture of:

A) Alcohol      

B) acids          

C) Esters         

D) Aldehydes.

 

71. Serotonin is derived in the body from the following amino acid:

A) phynyl  alanine     

B) histidine    

C) tryptophan            

D) serine

 

72. Which of the following is nutritionally essential amino acid for man?

A) alanine      

B) glycine      

C) tyrosine    

D) tryptophan

 

73. Which of the following is sulphur containing amino acid?

A) alanine       

B) lysine         

C) methionine            

D) homocysteine

 

78. Collagen is very rich in

A) glycine       

B) serine        

C) aspartic acid          

D) glutamic acid

 

74. The “free fatty acids” (FFA) of plasma are:

A) metabolically inert           

B) mainly bound to beta lipoproteins       

C) stored in fat                      

D) mainly bound to serum albumin

 

75.  Cyclic AMP is so called because it is formed in:

A) citric acid cycle     

B) urea cycle  

C) rhodopsin cycle    

D) it has a cyclic role

 

76. The ratio of organic and inorganic compounds in protoplasm is:

A) 1 : 9           

B) 5 : 5                        

C) 3 : 7                        

D) 9 :1

 

77. Heme is derived from:

A) Alanine      

B) Serine       

C) glycine       

D) Cysteine

 

78. Cholesterol and its esters deposits in the arteries because they:

A) are soluble in blood         

B) are insoluble in blood    

C) form bonds with fats secreted by endothelium            

D) are insoluble in water

 

79. In man, the amount of water is about:

A) 35%           

B) 55%           

C) 70%           

D) 90%

 

80. Enzymes are mostly:

A) Globular proteins             

B) fibrous proteins   

C) structural proteins           

D) nucleoproteins

 

81. A steroid compound used in the manufacture of antifertility pills and produced by Yam

plant is:

A) Cholesterol           

.B) Diosgenin              

C) testosterone          

D) Oestrogen.

 

82. Which one of the following does not have same structural lipids:

A) Phospholipids       

B) Glycolipids                        

C) Oleic acid               

D) Cholesterol 

 

83. Which one of the following  amine acid referred to as a besic amine acid?

A) Ariginie                  

B) Aspartate             

C) Glycine                   

D) Phenylanine.

 

84. The amount of water present inside the cells of average human being is: 

A) 5- 8Lt                     

B) 10- 12Lt               

C) 20- 22 Lt                

D) Variable.

 

85. Amajor element of the animal body is:

A) Copper                 

B) Mg                          

C) Mn                          

D) Zn

 

86. Most of the extraordinary properties of water are caused by ………. of its molecules:

A) Polarity                  

B) components          

C) temperature          

D) None

 

87. Which of the following is not a high energy compound:

A) Creatine phosphate         

B) GTP                        

C) ATP                        

D) AMP

 

88. Adenine is a:

A) Hormone               

B) protein                  

C) purine        

D) pyrimidines.

 

89. Essential oil produced by plants are used for preparing:

A) Vegetable ghee     

B) steroids     

C) perfumes   

D) All of above.

 

90. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule of:

A) Adenine linked through hexose deoxyribose sugar to three molecules of Ortho phosphoric acid         

B) Adenine linked through pentose deoxyribose sugar to three molecules of Orthophosphoric acid         

C) Adenine linked through ribose sugar to three molecules of Orthophosphoric acid           

D) None of the above.

 

91. Which of the following yields twice as many calories as per gram of carbohydrate?

A) fat   

B) Vitamin      

C) protein       

D) Minerals.

 

92. Which of the following is 2000 times sweeter then sucrose?

A) Fructose                

B) Glucose                  

C) Monellin                

D) Aspartine.

 

93. Which one of the following the iron forms an essential component?

A) Myoglobin             

B) Chlorophyll           

C) Thyroxine 

D) Aldosterone.

 

94. The minerals that play important roles in the maintenance of fluid balance in the cells are:

A) Sodium and potassium                

B) Calcium and magnesium

C) Calcium and phosphorus                       

D) Iron and magnesium

 

95. Approximately 93 per cent of the cellular material is composed of:

A) Carbon      B) Hydrogen              C) Oxygen       D) All of these.

 

96. Glucose level in the blood is maintained by:

A) Kidneys     B) liver           C) heart          D) All the above

 

97. The conversion of sugars into glycogen is called:

A) Glycogenesis         B) glycogenolysis      C) Glyconeogenesis   D) glycolysis.

 

98. In the milk of mammals is present a disaccharide known as:

A) Glucose      B) fructose     C) Galactose   D) lactose

 

99. A molecule of ATP is structurally most similar to a molecule

A) RNA nucleotide    B) DNA nucleotide    C) Amino acid                        D) fatty acid.

 

100. A molecule of ADP differs form a molecule of ATP in that has:

A) Diamine instead of thymine        B) fewer phosphate 

C) more phosphate bonds               D) less electrical activity.