Prinnciples of Pure Line Selection

-
  Pure Line Selection   Pure line selection is one of the oldest and most important methods of plant breeding. It is mainly used for the improvement of self-pollinated crops. In agriculture, many crop plants show natural variation in characters such as plant height, maturity, grain size, seed colour, disease resistance, and yield. A plant breeder studies this variation and selects the best plant from the available population. When the selected superior plant is self-pollinated generation after generation, its progeny becomes highly uniform and stable. This uniform and genetically similar group of plants is called a pure line.   The concept of pure line selection has played a major role in the development of improved crop varieties. It helped breeders convert variable local populations into uniform and high-performing varieties. The method is simple, scientific, and economical, so it has remained a fundamental topic in plant breeding courses. For undergraduate stud...
Post a Comment

Indian Herbaria

-

 

Indian Herbarium:

India has several prominent herbaria, each with its own collection of preserved plant specimens and a rich history of botanical research. Some of the notable herbaria in India include:

 

Botanical Survey of India (BSI) Herbarium, Kolkata: The BSI herbarium, located in the Botanical Survey of India's headquarters in Kolkata, is one of the largest and most comprehensive herbaria in India. It houses a vast collection of plant specimens from across the country and plays a central role in botanical research and documentation.

 

Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) Herbarium, New Delhi: The IARI herbarium, based in New Delhi, specializes in agricultural and horticultural plant specimens. It is affiliated with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and focuses on plant research related to agriculture and crop science.

 

Royal Botanic Garden Herbarium, Howrah: Situated in Howrah, West Bengal, this herbarium is part of the Royal Botanic Garden, Shibpur. It holds a substantial collection of plant specimens, particularly from the eastern regions of India.

 

Central National Herbarium (CNH), Allahabad: The CNH, located in Allahabad (Prayagraj), is a significant repository of plant specimens, with a focus on central and northern India. It is part of the Botanical Survey of India and contributes to the documentation of India's plant diversity.

 

Blatter Herbarium, Mumbai: Located at the St. Xavier's College, Mumbai, the Blatter Herbarium is renowned for its collection of specimens from the Western Ghats and other regions of India. It is affiliated with the Blatter Herbarium Society and actively engages in botanical research.

 

University of Calcutta Herbarium, Kolkata: This herbarium, affiliated with the University of Calcutta, holds a diverse collection of plant specimens, including those from the eastern and northeastern regions of India. It contributes to research and education.

 

Forest Research Institute (FRI) Herbarium, Dehradun: The FRI herbarium is situated in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, and focuses on forest and tree species. It supports research on forestry and related disciplines.

 

National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) Herbarium, Lucknow: Located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, the NBRI herbarium is associated with the National Botanical Research Institute and specializes in the preservation of plant specimens for botanical research.

These herbaria play a crucial role in documenting India's plant diversity, supporting botanical research, and aiding in the conservation of plant species. They serve as valuable resources for scientists, educators, and the general public interested in the flora of India.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Origin and Evolution in Sex of algae

-
Image
  Origin and Evolution in Sex of algae Sexual reproduction is characterised by the fusion of two similar or dissimilar cells. This is a sign of relatively advanced stage in evolution. Sex is not an obvious in the lower plants (like algae) as it is in higher plants. But in any way the study of reproductive processes of various classes of Algae throws considerable light on the origin and evolution of sex in the branch of plants like Algae.   Origin of Sex: Most primitive algae the cyanophyceae (Myxophyceae) reproduce only the method of asexual and vegetative reproduction. Sexual reproduction is entirely absent in their case. In forms like Nostoc and oscillatoria, it takes place by means of hormogones in which the plant body breaks up into group of few cells. In class xanthophyceae, chrysophyceae, cryptophyceae and dinopphyceae, sexuality is rare and has not much evolved beyond the stage of isogamy.   In higher classes of algae reproduction takes place by vegetative,...
Read more

কৃষিক্ষেত্রে শৈবালের ভূমিকা

-
  কৃষিক্ষেত্রে শৈবালের ভূমিকা      প্রাচীনকাল থেকে কৃষিজমির উর্বরতা বৃদ্ধির জন্য সামুদ্রিক শৈবাল ব্যবহৃত হয়ে আসছে । জৈব সার হিসেবে বাদামি শৈবাল ও লোহিত শৈবালের প্রচলন আগে থেকে ছিল । স্থলজ শৈবাল মাঠের পানি সঞ্চালন ক্ষমতা বৃদ্ধি করে । ভূমিক্ষয় রোধ করে । নতুন মাটি গঠন করে ও সংরক্ষণ করে মাটিকে কৃষিকাজের উপযোগী করে তোলে । ২০ টির অধিক নীলাভ সবুজ শৈবাল বাতাসের নাইট্রোজেন সংবন্ধন করে জমির উর্বরতা বৃদ্ধি করে । এদের মধ্যে Nostoc , Anabaena , Scytonema , Oscillatoria উল্লেখযোগ্য । সামুদ্রিক শৈবালের দেহে ফসফরাস , পটাশিয়াম এবং অন্যান্য রাসায়নিক পদার্থের সামান্য পরিমাণে উপস্থিতির কারণে সমুদ্র উপকূলবর্তী বিভিন্ন দেশে কৃষি জমির উর্বরতা বৃদ্ধিকল্পে সামুদ্রিক শৈবাল এবং কখনও কখনও স্বাদু পানির শৈবাল সার বা ফার্টিলাইজার হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হয় । সার হিসেবে ব্যবহার্য শৈবালসমূহের তালিকা নিম্নরূপ : ১. যেসব কৃষি জমিতে ক্যালসিয়াম ঘাটতি আছে সেখানে Lithophyllum , Lithothamnion , Chara প্রভৃতি গণের শৈবালের থ্যালাসকে সার হিসেবে ব্যবহার করলে জমির Ca ঘাটতি পূরণ হয় । ২. আয়ারল্যান্ডের কৃষকেরা ...
Read more