Reproductive Structures of Pteridophyte

  Reproductive Structures of Pteridophyte The Pteridophyte sporophyte, besides being a prominent component of soil and vegetation, is an important ornamental plant in gardens and lawns. Indoors, its gracefulness and shape fit it ideally as a plant for pot culture in hallways and living rooms, especially during the months of November to March. Transportation of whole plants from one place to another without damage is attempted by packing them in sand, decomposed silt, ashes, or sawdust. Despite their rich horticultural value, many Pteridophytes are vanishing from nature due to indiscriminate destruction of their natural habitats and capturing of species for ornamental purposes. The best means of conservation is an adequate botanical knowledge of these plants, together with their habitats. The approaches of the non-destructive collection of herbarium specimens are now being stressed. The collection is also supplemented with data regarding the locality and habitat, so as to make it de...

Affinity of Gymnosperms with Angiosperms

 Affinity of Gymnosperms with Angiosperms

The gymnosperms resemble the angiosperms by the following features :

( 1 ) Both the groups , include trees and shrubs and may be erect , scandent or climbing .

( 2 ) The root system is well developed and the roots may be diarch , triarch , tetrarch or polyarch . The roots possess secondary growth . The xylem is exarch in the roots .

( 3 ) The stele of the stem is eustelic . The secondary growth is present in the stem . The secondary wood may be monoxylic or polyxylic.

( 4 ) Both the groups , produce seeds.

( 5 ) Both the groups are heterosporous and posses endosporic and reduced gametophytes .

( 6 ) The megaspore is in organic connection with the megasporangium and is never shed .

( 7 ) The nucellus is surrounded by an integument to form an ovule. The ovule has a micropyle and may be stalked or sessile.

( 8 ) The pollen grains grow into pollen tubes . 

( 9 ) The male gametes are non - motile in majority of gymnosperms and all angiosperms .

( 10 ) The male gametophytes are highly reduced . Gnetum lacks prothallus cells .

( 11 ) The germination of the spores is precocious . 

( 12 ) The embryogeny is endoscopic .  




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